Cannabis is made of numerous unique compounds known as phytocannabinoids like CBD and THC.
Their activity is mediated and the human endocannabinoid system. These molecules can affect the nervous system and regulate our immune system.
The endocannabinoid system is one of the primary neuromodulatory systems; it Is responsible for the regulation of emotional and cognitive processes in the central nervous system. ECS is also found in the Peripheral nervous system and helps in producing the immune response of the body.
Characteristics of ECS
The Endocannabinoid system is run by two main receptors i.e. CB1 and CB2. CB1 receptors are mainly expressed in the brain and peripheral tissues whereas CB2 receptors are mainly found in the immune cells of the body.
Cannabinoids like CBD and THC have an affinity for CB2 and CB1 receptors respectively.

Our body also has naturally occurring cannabinoids that are produced in the body that are:
* Arachidonoyl ethanolamide (anandamide, AEA), also known as the “bliss” molecule
* 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG)
Our body is programmed to synthesize these on demand.
Enzymes are in charge of producing endocannabinoids as well as breaking them apart when they are no longer required.
Endocannabinoids are broken down by two major enzymes.
* Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), which breaks down anandamide
* Monoacylglycerol (MAG-L), which breaks down 2-AG
Scientists believe that ECS is automated to regulate and maintain homeostasis in the body. It can help with numerous physiological functions -

* Thermoregulation
* Memory
* Mood
* Appetite
* Stress
* Sleep
* Metabolism
* Immune function
* Reproduction
Cannabis and ECS
CBD has an indirect effect on the CB2 receptors as it cannot directly bind to the receptors but helps in the uptake of anandamide.
Since it does not have a direct effect, CBD does not cause dependence.
On the other hand, THC can directly bind to cb1 receptors and produces more noticeable changes.
Furthermore, THC connects with several other receptors and enzymes in the body, with investigations indicating a variety of potential benefits in terms of addiction treatment and even assisting in the reduction of complications during organ transplant surgery.
Using cannabinoids like THC and CBD may help in strengthening the ECS and offer it to perform better.
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Currently,
two medicines (Marinol and Syndros) containing these cannabinoids are approved by the FDA. These are used to treat nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy. It can also help with unexplained weight loss and reduced appetite.
Synthetic CBD or Epidiolex was also approved by FDA in 2018. It is an effective medicine used to treat childhood epilepsy syndromes like Dravet syndrome, Tuberous sclerosis complex, infantile spasms and Lennox-Gastaut syndrome.
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Preliminary studies indicate that certain health conditions like migraine headaches, fibromyalgia, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may be caused by the deficiency of endocannabinoids.
Such scarcity can be treated by taking exogenous cannabinoids to fix the working of the Endocannabinoid system.
- An Article written for The National Wellness Organisation by
Rabiah A.
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